Vocabs: Shapes; Part of Body

 Shapes

Shapes is all the geometrical information that remains when location, scale and rotational effects are filtered out from an object.

Simple Straight Sided Shapes

- Rectangle (Persegi Panjang)

- Square (Persegi)

- Triangle (Segitiga) 

Simple Rounded Shapes

- Circle (Lingkaran) 

- Oval (Oval/Lonjong)

Types of Triangle

- Equilateral Triangle (Segitiga Sama Kaki)

- Isosceles Triangle (Segitiga Sama Sisi)

- Rightangled Triangle (Segitiga Siku-Siku)

3D Shapes

- Cone (Kerucut)

- Cube (Kubus)

- Cylinder (Tabung)

- Pyramid (Limas)

- Rectangular (Balok)

- Prism (Prisma)

- Sphere (Bola)

Mathematical Shapes

- Parallelogram (Jajargenjang) 

- Pentagon-5 sides (Segi 5)

- Hexagon-6 sides (Segi 6)

- Octagen-8 sides (Segi 8)

Miscellaneous Shapes

- Coffin

- Diamond (Belah Ketupat)

- Heart (Hati)

- Kite (Layang-layang)

- Petal

- Shell (Kerang/Tiram)

- Star (Bintang)

- Teardrop

 

The Human Body 

  

   

The Body (Tubuh)

1.Hair = Rambut

2.Head = Kepala

3.Neck = Leher

4.Throat = Tenggorokan

5.Shoulder = Bahu

6.Chest = Dada

7.Back = Punggung

8.Waist = Pinggung

9.Stomach/Tummy = Perut 

10.Hip = Pinggul

11.Bottom = Pantat

12.Armpit = Ketiak

13.Arm = Lengan

14.Upper arm = Lengan Atas

15.Elbow = Siku

16.Forearm = Lengan Bawah

17.Wrist = Pergelangan Tangan

18.Fist = Kepalan Tangan

19.Hand = Tanagn

20.Palm = Tapak Tangan

21.Thumb = Ibu Jari

22.Finger = Jari Tangan

23.Nail = Kuku

24.Leg = Kaki

25.Thigh = Paha

26.Knee = Lutut

27.Calf = Betis

28.Ankle = Pergelangan Kaki

29.Foot = Kaki

30.Heel = Tumit

31.Instep = Kura-Kura Kaki

32.Sole = Tapak Kaki

33.Toes = Jari Kaki 

The Skeleton (Rangka Manusia)

1.Skull = Tengkorak

2.Collar-bone = Tulang Selangka

3.Shoulder-blade = Tulang Belikat

4.Ribs = Tulang Rusuk

5.Backbone/Spine = Tulang Belakang / Punggung

6.Breastbone = Tulang dada

7.Hip-bone/Pelvis = Tulang pinggul

8.Kneecap = Tulang Tempurung Kepala 

The Face (Wajah)

1.Eye = Mata

2.Noise = Hidung

3.Ear = Telinga

4.Mouth = Mulut

5.Cheek = Pipi

6.Chin = Dagu

7.Temple = Pelipis

8.Forehead/Brow = Dahi/Kenig

9.Jaw = Rahang

10.Moustache = Kumis

11.Beard = Janggut

12.Tooth = Gigi

13.Lip = Bibir

14.Tongue = Lidah

The Eye (MATA)

1.Eyeball = Bola Mata

2.Eyebrow = Alis Mata

3.Eyelid = Kelopak Mata

4.Eyelashes = Bulu Mata

5.Pupil = Manik Mata

6.Iris = Selaput Pelangi

The Insides (ORGAN DALAM)

1.Brain = Otak

2.Windpipe = Batang Tenggorokan

3.Heart = Jantung

4.Lung = Paru-Paru

5.Liver = Hati

6.Kidney = Ginjal

7.Intestines = Usus

8.Bladder = Kandung Kemis

9.Vein = Pembuluh Balik

10.Artery = Pembuluh Nadi

11.Muscle = Otot

Prepositional Phrase

In a sentence prepositions show the relation of one word to another word. Prepositions require an object to complete them, typically a noun or a pronoun. A preposition and its object is called a prepositional phrase. 

At the minimum, a prepositional phrase will begin with a preposition and end with a noun, pronoun, gerund, or clause, the "object" of the preposition. 

 

The object of the preposition will often have one or more modifiers to describe it. These are the patterns for a prepositional phrase:

• preposition + noun, pronoun, gerund, or clause
• preposition + modifier(s) + noun, pronoun, gerund, or clause

The words below can be used as a preposition in a prepositional phrase.

- about
- above
- across
- after
- against
- along
- amid
- among
- around
- at
- a top
- before
- behind
- below
- beneath
- beside
- between
- beyond
- but (meaning except)
- by
- concerning
- down
- during
- except
- for
- from
- in
- inside
- into
- like

- near
- of
- off
- on
- out
- outside
- over
- past
- regarding
- since
- through
- throughout
- to
- toward
- under
- underneath
- until
- up
- upon
- with
- within
- without

- etc.. 

Here are some examples of the most basic prepositional phrase:

• At home 

At = preposition; home = noun.

• In time

In = preposition; time = noun.

• From Richie

From = preposition; Richie = noun.

• With me

With = preposition; me = pronoun.

• By singing

By = preposition; singing = gerund.

• About what we need

About = preposition; what we need = noun clause.

Most prepositional phrases are longer, like these:

• From my grandmother 

From = preposition; my = modifier; grandmother = noun.

• Under the warm blanket

Under = preposition; the, warm = modifiers; blanket = noun.

• In the weedy, overgrown garden

In = preposition; the, weedy, overgrown = modifiers; garden = noun.

• Along the busy, six-lane highway

Along = preposition; the, busy, six-lane = modifiers; highway = noun.

• Without excessively worrying

Without = preposition; excessively = modifier; worrying = gerund.

A prepositional phrase will function as an adjective or adverb.

1.      As an adjective, the prepositional phrase will answer the question Which one?

            Read these examples:

• The book on the bathroom floor is swollen from shower steam.

Which book? The one on the bathroom floor!

• The sweet potatoes in the vegetable bin are green with mold.

Which sweet potatoes? The ones forgotten in the vegetable bin!

• The note from Beverly confessed that she had eaten the leftover pizza.

Which note? The one from Beverly!

2.      As an adverb, a prepositional phrase will answer questions such as How? When? or Where? 

      Read these examples:

• Freddy is stiff from yesterday's long football practice.

How did Freddy get stiff? From yesterday's long football practice!

• Before class, Josh begged his friends for a pencil.

When did Josh do his begging? Before class!

• Feeling brave, we tried the Dragon Breath Burritos at Tito's Taco Palace.

Where did we eat the spicy food? At Tito's Taco Palace!

Remember that a prepositional phrase will never contain the subject of a sentence.

Sometimes a noun within the prepositional phrase seems the logical subject of a verb. Don't fall for that trick! You will never find a subject in a prepositional phrase. Look at this example:

Neither of these cookbooks contains the recipe for Manhattan-style squid eyeball stew.

Cookbooks do indeed contain recipes. In this sentence, however, cookbooks is part of the prepositional phrase of these cookbooks. Neither—whatever a neither is—is the subject for the verb contains.

Neither is singular, so you need the singular form of the verb, contains. If you incorrectly identified cookbooks as the subject, you might write contain, the plural form, and thus commit a subject-verb agreement error.

Some prepositions—such as along with and in addition to—indicate "more to come." They will make you think that you have a plural subject when in fact you don't. Don't fall for that trick either! Read this example:

Tommy, along with the other students, breathed a sigh of relief when Mrs. Markham announced that she was postponing the due date for the research essay.

Logically, more than one student is happy with the news. But Tommy is the only subject of the verb breathed. His classmates count in the real world, but in the sentence, they don't matter, locked as they are in the prepositional phrase.